If your child wakes in the night, return them to bed, tuck them in and say, "It's night time (name) go to sleep". I hope you find them useful, and please do share your own! So, we recently decided to run a Q & A with Scope’s sleep practitioners and here are some of the great tips we took from it. One of the top topics of conversation on our online community is sleep… how to encourage your child to settle, how to stop them waking in the night, and how to make sure you're getting enough yourself. "Effective strategies are needed to avoid bias in the learning process and also to identify unusual behavior of AI systems and mitigate the risk of misdiagnoses.Resources 17 Tips to Help Your Child with Special Needs Fall Asleep While sleep stage classification accuracy appears sufficient when looking at EEG databases as a whole, errors in the sleep metrics of individual patients can be substantial, which is unacceptable for any diagnostic purpose." "Even if trained with pediatric data, current AI systems don't work equally well in all patients. Huy Phan, Alan Turing Institute, U.K., who was co-author of the study said improvements are needed in AI systems to avoid bias towards population groups and ensure accurate diagnoses for all patients. A similar performance can be achieved for children if pediatric data are included in the deep learning process.ĭr. On adult EEG, AI systems assign sleep stages correctly about nine out of ten times-on par with human experts. "Clinicians consider several metrics from hypnograms, such as sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, time spent in each of the sleep stages, and time spent awake after sleep onset, to help them diagnose sleep disorders." "Sleep follows a typical cyclical pattern of sleep stages that make up the 'sleep architecture' and can be seen in a hypnogram-a graph that represents the stages of sleep over time," said Associate Professor Baumert. Prior to the introduction of AI methods for classifying sleep patterns, a technician would examine overnight EEG, 30 seconds at a time, and assign one of the sleep stages to it. NREM is categorized into three stages (N1, N2, N3). Generally, sleep comprises rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non- rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Early identification of sleep problems, especially in young people, is vital to maximizing the effectiveness of appropriate treatment. The association between sleep problems, cognitive development and mental health has long been studied and recognized. The study was published in the journal Sleep Medicine. This means sleep disorders in children could be misdiagnosed due to using adult-biased data sets." "However, most available sleep EEG databases contain adult data only and therefore, the systems developed on those databases seem to have issues when dealing with kids' sleep because they have never 'seen' and 'learnt' it. "Deep learning systems need big EEG databases to learn the brain wave patterns associated with various sleep stages to give reliable results," said Associate Professor Baumert. Collected overnight, it provides the input data to deep learning systems. An electroencephalogram (EEG) records the brain's electrical activity on a person's scalp. Nerve impulses in the brain cause electrical activity. "We have found evidence that errors in sleep classification generated using AI could lead to misdiagnosis of sleep disorders, particularly in children." "There has been a big push to automate this labor-intensive and expensive process using deep learning-an AI method that teaches computers to process data in a way that is inspired by the human brain. "Sleep stages are primarily determined by analyzing the brain waves during sleep, which traditionally is done manually (or semi-automated)," said the University of Adelaide's Associate Professor Mathias Baumert, School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering.
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